废料

Perched on the eastern edge of New York City, the Jamaica Bay parklands cover more than 10,000 acres of land surrounding one of the most bio-diverse urban estuaries on the Atlantic seaboard. Historically, sections of the parklands have been separately owned and managed by the federal National Park Service (NPS) and the city Department of Parks, with limited collaboration in land management and provision of services. Numerous other organizations ranging from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to non-profit land trusts are involved in advocacy for, and conservation of, various sections of the parklands.

Dar Es Salaam faces some key social and economic challenges as one of the poorest countries in Africa, with growing inequality despite GDP growth of 5-6% per year. There is a growing backlog of urban infrastructure requirements and transportation relies primarily on privately provided mini-buses. Water and electricity household connections remain low and 80% of housing is ‘informal’. In the past, masterplans for the city have not been implemented due to a lack of coordinated planning and inadequate resources.

Ad’Diriyyah represents a series of stunning historic oasis settlements situated in Wadi Hanifah, itself an area of outstanding natural beauty, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s capital city, Riyadh. The site is both the location for the founding of modern Saudi Arabia as well as the birth of the Wahab school of Islam (the “Oneness Movement”).

Jeddah is facing the challenge of sustainably managing its growth for the coming 20 years. During this period, the city will be required to create nearly 1.2 million new jobs and develop around 50,000 new homes per every year.